A Socio-Economic Model for Sustainable Fashion

Abstract At times when sustainability seems to be the mantra for not only corporations but also the lay man, sustainable fashion is a much less understood term as â€Å"sustainability† alongside â€Å"fashion† are two seemingly contradictory concepts as fashion is all about change and sustainability is all about preservation. Sustainable fashion, in its purest form generates new ideas on how to produce fashion with a sense of ethics, organic or renewable resources, and socially responsible manufacturing techniques. Simply put, the term â€Å"eco-fashion† refers to stylized clothing that uses environmentally sensitive fabrics and responsible production techniques. Our first motive is to spread awareness amongst the mass about sustainable fashion and the affects its absence has on our environment. The fashion industry is based on a model of continual economic growth fuelled by ever-increasing consumption of resources. What needs to be retained is – continual economic growth and what needs to be changed is – ever-increasing resource consumption. So what I propose here is an idea which can possibly be a giant step towards sustainable fashion. The concept central to this idea is – reusability. So what is to be done is that there is a central organization called SFO, Sustainable Fashion Organization. The SFO buys all the to-be-thrown or to-be-wasted clothes on a massive scale. Then the clothes are analysed and classified on the basis of their reusable ratio. The clothes which are good enough have a high reusable ratio. The best breeds are recycled and reused to create new clothes that are eco-friendly, economic and sustainable. While the not so good breeds are used in other areas like manufacturing doormats and bags. In this paper, we try to present a model of business, that will be in optimal interest to industry, consumers, earth and ecosystem. A Socio-Economic Model for Sustainable fashion Sustainable fashion is creating a sustainable product with creativity and great innovation. Fashion is subject to creativity but sustainability is preserving, thus with fast moving competitive world it is hard to find the space for the word sustainable. There is lot of research taking place to find the most sustainable fiber but we all know that times flies and research continues. Many designers have begun experimenting with bamboo fibre, which absorbs greenhouse gases during its life cycle and grows quickly and in plenty without pesticides. Although it also causes environmental harm in production due to the chemicals used to create a soft viscose from hard bamboo. Hemp is one of the best choices for eco fabrics due to its ease of growth, though it is illegal to grow in some countries. Other alternative is synthetic fibers while critics still point to the chemicals used in making synthetic materials, this method significantly reduces water consumption and pollution, while cotton (organic or not) uses a tremendous amount of water during the growth and dyeing phases. Future holds a great deal of importance in our world but the present is equally responsible for it. All research and development is for future something which is uncertain, which is yet to be discovered. My business model is for present and preserving future. Current Scenario Gorman clothing, Stewart +Brown, Avita, Delano Collection, Look Organics etc are some of international brand which are into organic eco fashion but cost of production is still high due to the small market. Fashion industry is doing a lot to preserve the future but return on investment is low, the market share is small as the products are not readily available and they are expensive. People are not aware of fashion sustainability and they do not know which fibers life span is high with less carbon footprint. They are not familiar with the problems associated with fashion products as for most of the people cotton is sustainable and eco friendly; they are not educated on things like which garment is harmful, how to dispose the garment etc. What is the difference between the jute fibers or organic cotton is not known SFO We need to understand how SFO generate value for the consumers and how they generate revenue for their profitable running. Value Generations Maintaining sustainable development – the main reason and production of the sustainable fashion is eco friendly environment. Inculcating new habits – making the consumer understand the essence of sustainability and building loyal brand. Awareness – perception of fast fashion is quite wrong as it is actually not about throw away clothing but a management system that can improve the efficiency. Business Model SFO is an organization which is formed to help the other existing brand and organization working on sustainable fashion by reusing the fashion products and re design them for further usage. SFO is using the zero wastage method of sustainability and helps out other fashion organization in achieving zero waste. The method will be a continuous method of sustainability. The organizations will purchases the used garment or clothes and then check the life span of the garment. After evaluating the durability of the garment it is either reused to form a new garment or send to NGO’s. SFO will be having a tie with NGO’s and will be seeking cooperation from their end as well. Wearable will be given to NGO’s and those garments will be further utilized to the extent that they cannot be termed as wearable and then the NGO’s return the garment to SFO. Then the garment is again evaluated and divided in different slots according to their life span and fabric type. Garment is further cleaned and disinfected and made presentable in a form of raw material and once the procedure is completed it supply’s the garment to different brands. The brand then reuses recycle or redesign the garment and manufacture a new garment. Business functioning Step 1 – Understanding the working of different organization and brand and pursuing them to be a part of sustainable fashion. Taking help from NGO’s and seeking cooperation from their end. Step 2 – Purchasing the used garment from the public after evaluating the depression of the product. Step 3 – The garment is further studied and after understanding the durability it is supplied to NGO’s Step 4 – NGO’s will return the garment after using them. Step 5 – Then the used garment is cleaned and converted into raw material and supplied to different brands. Step 6 – These brands then manufacture a new garment by using the second hand raw material Revenue Generation Sustainable fashion can be profitable because shoppers today are looking for something more meaningful. Consumers are accepting the concept of reuse and recycle in a creative way. SFO will be affiliated with other organization or brand. So that SFO can afford and buy the used products from the public and keeps a certain margin with them. It is basically formed for readily available sustainable fashion therefore the garment wouldn’t be purchased or sold with high margin. The motto of SFO is employment and sustainable fashion with profitability. Risk Hesitancy level might be high as the products are used and then reproduced with new designs – people normally don’t like wearing second hand garment considering the health problem associated with it. Consumer might prefer to buy expensive organic product rather than going for low product sustainable fashion – with high economic growth rate people would like to spend more rather than going for redesigned products. Chaos among the brands associated with SFO – consumer might not have a clear picture of the product quality as every organization has its own quality measures. Opportunity Willingness to buy sustainable fashion – majority of people are fashion oriented and sustainable fashion is in demand. Consciously worried toward the environment – with rapid educations and consumer awareness people understand the importance of eco friendly environment and they are willing to be a part of it. Easy collaboration with other brands practicing sustainable fashion – existing brand association is not difficult with the help of their sustainable new ideas and concept of reuse , recycle and redesign can be inculcated. Low amount of investment – SFO doesn’t need huge investment as it will be associated with brand and organization. The purchase of the second hand garment can be done with the help of these brands. Employment – lot of people are working on sustainable fashion these people can be employed and given a platform to exhibit their ideas and concept. Sustainable institutes – the sustainable fashion academy, Danish fashion institute, refashion designers can be of great help. These institute and designers can work with SFO and help in achieving the goal of eco friendly environment. Recommendation Adequate awareness among the consumer is required regarding the SFO and its redesigned products. Any preconceived notion should be eliminated and customer helpline should be there to help out them with their questions. Not compromising on product quality should be maintained so that the consumer believes in the brand and its products. Hygiene should be given priority keeping in mind that people are hesitant towards the second hand products so one mistake can dilute the brand image. Initially the profit would be low as the market share is small. Therefore to attract huge market share product quality at low price should be done. Pricing strategy should be market penetration and later on price skimming can be adopted with new products. Brand should be responsible for their product quality and design. Each brand should remain a ‘brand’ without merging with SFO. The competition level remains the same within the brands. Each brand will use their own designing team to redesign the garment. SFO can be set as a standard mark for the organization for recognition and brand building. Conclusion Sustainable fashion will be really profitable and there is a huge potential, but first we need to create an ecosystem for that. Sustainable fashion organizations can be a milestone to set standard and accountability among different brands and organization. Every process is a continuous process but I believe time is money so while the research for sustainable fiber is in progress, we should restructure the existing industry to achieve certain sustainable development. Fashion is hard to stop but it can be preserved forever. The redesigning for the same garment gives more scope to innovation and creativity. With the big brand a small plan can be executed to make the consumer equally responsible for the eco friendly environment along with the industry. It is every individuals responsibility to play its duty properly considering the welfare of the society and rather than being completely dependent on government and industries. SFO is an organization which is awaking the public to stand and support the cause of sustainability. Reference Sustainable fashion meets eco-friendly energy, 27 October 2009 -http://www. meridianenergy. co. nz/AboutUs/News/SustainableFfashionMeetsEecofriendlyEnergy. htm Sustainable Fashion – http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sustainable_fashion Fashion conscious, may 15- July 13, 2008 , University of California Davis design Museum Davis CA – http://sustainablefashion. blogspot. com/ Sustainable fashion forum – http://www. fashionaccess. aplf. com/TheFair/OnsiteEvents/SustainableFashionForum/tabid/1106/language/en-US/Default. aspx

Homework Assignment Essay

1) How could an organization benefit from attending one of the courses offered at the Intense School? By attending of the course offered at the school an organization would gain valuable knowledge on how to protect their system from hackers. If the organization were heavily dependent on the smooth operation of their IT system this would be essentially important. The amount of knowledge that would be gained from the courses, they can facilitate the creation of a better security system. 2) What are the two primary lines of security defense and how can organizational employees use the information taught by the Intense School when drafting an information security plan? The two primary lines of security defense are through people first and technology second. The courses will enlighten the employees how easy it is for hackers to deploy social engineering to gain private information from them. Employees can use the information taught at the school to draft an information security plan that details how an organization will implement the information security policies. The school will most likely teach many of the tricks to social engineering and hacking, which the employees can use to create the detailed information security policies. 3) Determine the differences between the two primary courses offered at the Intense School, â€Å"Professional Hacking Boot Camp† and â€Å"Social Engineering in Two Days.† Which course is more important for organizational employees to attend? The two main differences is that one covers the Technology of the security defense line and the other covers issues with the People. The course Social Engineering in Two Days is more important for organizational employees to attend because it would be easiest for hackers to gain access through employees giving away passwords, leaving password lying around, etc.

Counselors as Companions and Ethics in Human Services Essay

1. Every person we come into contact with on a daily basis is able to teach us a little something about life. You just have to be open to learning. This particular counselor who was introduced to Steve for whatever cosmic reason, but left the encounter more knowledgeable about the human condition than when initially introduced. At first glance and without knowing any background on Steve the counselor could have just chalked Steve up as a special needs student who in no way was going to succeed being away from home. The councilor however took time out and got to know his student and found all the triumphs that he had been faced with and had overcome throughout the years. The counselor was able to determine that this student was in no way going to give up and fall between the cracks due to a series of unfortunate events. Every child I come in contact with on a daily basis has their own story, many of which are heart wrenching or unnerving, but yet many persevere and will become productive members of society because someone along the way has showed that they care. 2. Steve was able to benefit just as much as the counselor through this interaction. He was able to persevere and complete his education. All that Steve needed was for someone else to also see the end of the tunnel as well as he saw it. Having someone on the same page and able to stand with you through your goals is beneficial to all those involved not just the single individual with the goal. I think the biggest push anyone could ever get is having someone who does not know you say â€Å"you can’t do that†; it provides all the more motivation to prove them wrong. According to the National Organization of Human Services (NOHS), a code of ethics is an explicit statement of the values, principles, and the rules of a profession, regulating the conduct of its members† (Barker, 2001, p.84) There are two statements found in the NOHS though that best summarize this code and make it applicable to the field in which I am currently surrounded by. STATEMENT 45 Human service educators demonstrate full commitment to their appointed responsibilities, and are enthusiastic about and encouraging of students’ learning. STATEMENT 46 Human service educators model the personal attributes, values and skills of the human service professional, including but not limited to, the willingness to seek and respond to feedback from students. In reading Steve’s journey on the Hero’s Path there is an identifiable moment that relates to my current position that I have been witness to and assisted with. As a guidance secretary for a public school I have seen man types of students walk through our door. Our most recent students who have come in search of a chance to blend in with a traditional student body are two students who found themselves being best friends despite each other’s complex issues. One is an overweight 16 year old and suffers from Prader-Willi Syndrome and sneaks food from our cafeteria any chance he gets. The other a 17 year old was born with malformation of the mouth and hands. Both are part of our special education program. Because of their outward appearances, both are shunned by the other student, which has had very little effect on them. To assist them in this effort of blending in our Administrative Resource Teacher, who is popular and liked by the student body because of her understanding and helpful nature has essentially deputized these two during our busiest lunch period. In order to keep the child with Prader-Willi from stealing uneaten food and his friend from stealing anything for him, they eat their lunch and when they are done, are placed on crime watch patrol around the perimeter of the school, with our ART. The child with Prader-Willi gets exercise and it removes him from tempting treats left behind by students such as milk and chips. Both also get the satisfaction of knowing that despite their abnormalities they are regular students. During pep assemblies when the excited student body is a little overwhelming, these students also know that my office is a safe haven for them. They know that they must do work alphabetizing or organizing but they each have a task. I’ve heard many of our administrators repeat this saying time and time again â€Å"you need to know our students, in order to teacher them†, the same applies in any interaction with them. Students don’t just learn in the four walls of a classroom, they learn in every kind of environment. If you make that environment one in which they are comfortable students will return time after time to seek your guidance and model attributes they found and have seen demonstrated. References Halstead, Richard A. (2000, January). From tragedy to triumph: counselor as companion on the hero’s journey. Counseling & Values, 44(2), 100. http://www.nationalhumanservices.org/ethical-standards-for-hs-professionals

Different Renditions Of The Song Hallelujah By Leonard Cohen Assignment

Different Renditions Of The Song Hallelujah By Leonard Cohen - Assignment Example The song among the musicians who have covered this song includes Rufus Wainwright, Michael McDonald, Bon Jovi, John Cale, Jason Castro a former contestant in the American Idol among others. The different artists used the original lyrics while other changed the lyrics to fit their preference as Cohen never put a restriction on the modification of this song. One of the famous versions of this song is Jeff Buckley’s version that was the top song on the Hot Digital Songs chart of 2008. The same year another version that again topped the charts was released by Alexandra Burke who won the talent show â€Å"The X-factor† by Simon Cowell mastermind U.K. These are just a few of the many singers who have remixed and performed this song (Browne & Browne 2011). In this paper, the performance by Justine Timberlake and Matt Morris in a charity concert called â€Å"Hope for Haiti† will be compared with Jeff Berkley performance. The performance by Timberlake and Morris moved the crowd. It was a very beautiful duet that moved the crowd. The two sang harmoniously which no wonder is considering that they have been working together. The song was not very different from the original version. It was close to their performance by Jeff Buckley. However, it stood out in the manner the singers put their emotions to their performance and almost drove some of the audience to tears. There were other performers during the show such as Mary J. Blige but Timberlake and Morris's performance stood out.  

Evaluation to population genetics data Assignment

Evaluation to population genetics data - Assignment Example The genetic variants identified accounted for small part of heritability. The genome wide association of the wider sample was used to determine the remaining data set. The small part of the unrelated gene shows the proportion of the total variance in the polymorphism. Allele frequency was calculated by power stats v 12 application. Hardy Weinberg equilibrium was analyzed using the Chi square x2. Significance level was 0.05 in all the 15 Loci. The sampled population was compared to Turkey, Iraq Iranian, Pakistan and Russian populations. The Fst values were calculated and Bonferroni correction test done in order to confirm the significant differences in the analysis. The estimated haplotypes frequencies from the data show there is 56 haplotypes and estimated 107 with no missing genotypes. The estimated result show haplotype frequencies are identical. Implementation of Stephen Al’s Bayesian method is used since the haplotype frequencies is not to be included in the reporting phase.(Czarny 2005). The analyzed genotype showed that data sets with 200 subjects and 132 STRs contained in one gene. Allelic diversity which provides unbiased estimates of the expected heterozygote frequency was computed. The genotype data was used to estimate the power of discrimination (Pakstis&Castiglione 1997).Allele frequencies distribution for 15 PCR based Loci D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSFIPO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S137, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, FGA) for a sample of 200 unrelated individuals as it shows in the table below. The observed allele frequencies and statistical parameters based on the 15STR as summarized in the above table show allelic frequencies ranging from 0.0021 to 0.4077 with number of alleles ranging from 6 (THO1, TPOX and D5S818) to 17 (D21S11, D18S51 and FGA). The 15 STR are highly polymorphic. The new allele is underlined while most common alleles are indicated

Main differences between perfect competition and monopoly market Essay - 2

Main differences between perfect competition and monopoly market structures - Essay Example Additionally, the firms already in perfect competition have no way of exploiting customers, because other firms can entre and compete with them. Furthermore, firms in this market structure have good price information because buyers or consumers have to know the prices so that they can compare with other firms before they buy a product. On the other hand, suppliers have to know the prices so that they can merge them with others (OConnor 2004). Based on the above analysis of firms in perfect competition, the following assumptions can be deduced from the firms. The firms offer homogenous products meaning that products are differentiated in terms of packaging or branding so as to beat competition and stay in business. Buyers and sellers in this market are many, and this means that exit of seller in the market has no effect on the prices. This further indicates that both buyers and sellers have no influence on price hence price is determined by market (Chakra arty 2009). Firms under perfect competition have no influence on the price therefore they are the price takers. Because of existence of many firms in the market each firm charges the price determined by the demand and market supply. In the short-run, firms under perfect competition make supernormal profits or loss. Because of no barriers to entry or exit from market structures under perfect competition, other firms join into the market and if they make losses, firms making losses exit the market. In the long run, due to the many firms that have joined the market influenced by super-normal profits made by other firms, the supply in the market will be more hence supply curve shifts to the right to the point where super-normal profits are no more (Khanna, 2008). Additionally, in the long run supply has more influence on the price than the demand. The first graph represents market of many suppliers and many

ISO 14644 FOR AN IAP CLEAN ROOM CLASS 8 IN RESPECT OF 0.5 UM PARTICLES Essay

ISO 14644 FOR AN IAP CLEAN ROOM CLASS 8 IN RESPECT OF 0.5 UM PARTICLES - Essay Example Several items must be taken into consideration when approaching the use of a cleanroom. First, air is an extremely important item to take a close look at. The air that is coming into a cleanroom must be filtered in order to get rid of dust, while at the same time, the air inside the cleanroom must be recirculated through high efficiency particulate air (also known as HEPA) and/or through the use of an ultra low penetration air (ULPA) filter in order to get rid of contaminants that can be created internally. Furthermore, in order to control any other possible contaminants that may enter, those working in the cleanroom must leave through airlocks (which sometimes also forces an air shower), along with protective clothing. Within the cleanroom, the equipment has been made to create minimal air contamination. These include the use of specialized mops and buckets. The furniture that can be found within the cleanroom also gathers a very minimal amount of particles and is easy to clean. How ever, cleanrooms are not sterile, as much of the attention here is focused on airborne particles. These levels can often be tested through the use of a particle counter (Particle Measuring Systems, 2009). In order to avoid a disruptive air leak, many cleanrooms contain items that keep them at positive pressure. This means that if there are any leaks, the air will leak out of the chamber instead of bringing in any air that might not have been filtered. To further control air, some cleanroom systems will keep humidity to very low levels. This is done often to make sure that there are no electrostatic, or ESD problems. These EST controls are also referred to as ionizers (Clearn Room Forum, n.d.). Cleanrooms are generally given their status based on the number and size of particles allowed per the volume of air. Numbers that are typically larger, like "class 100," are usually referred to by FED-STD-209E, and denote particle number at a size of 0.5um or larger, depending on the cubic foot of air. Smaller numbers refer to ISP 14644-1 standards, and these focus on the decimal logarithm of the number of particles 0.1um or larger permitted per cubic metre of air (Clean Room Certification Standards, 2009). Thus, a class 8 cleanroom has at most 108 = 100,000 particles per m.Cleanrooms in both categories of FS209E and ISO 14644-1 both have log-log relationships that take place concernint particle size and particle concentration. Therefore, a "zero" count in particle concentration is not existent. Because 1 m equals about 35 ft, both standards are mostly equal when measuring 0.5 m particles, although the testing standards differ. Ordinary room air is approximately class 1,000,000 or I SO 9 (Federal Standards, 2009).

Is Google Making Us Stupid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Is Google Making Us Stupid - Essay Example The article of Nicholas Carr, â€Å"Is Google making us stupid? What the internet is doing to our brains,† argues that the Internet and other technologies have changed the modern generation. It has made many people lazy and changed the way people perform their daily life activities. Carr is right when he argues that the Internet and social networking sites have changed the way people think. This is because having access to information faster through the use of the Internet has contributed to significant changes. For instance, many students nowadays use Internet for carrying out research studies. They no longer use their brain to find solutions to the issues, but rather use Google to find information faster; thus Google is making students lazy and stupid (Carr 341). Technology is making the society move towards a positive, direction, but too much dependent on technology is creating more harm than good. Carr views many changes the Internet is causing as a loss rather than a bene fit; thus he raises awareness on the impact that the Internet is creating in the contemporary society. He attempts to reveal the way Internet is changing the ways students are writing and learning in the current generation. Carr reveals the way skills of many people have been eroded thus he says, â€Å"am not thinking the way I used to think† (Carr 340). Therefore, these changes have contributed to poor concentration in reading books; thus spending much time on the Internet. Although the Internet has contributed to positive changes, over reliance on the Internet has changed the way the brains of students function; thus affecting cognitive memory of the Internet users. The Internet has changed the way students perform their work in school; hence, many of them have become lazy because they cannot read books for a long time. The age of globalization, which is contributed by the increased technology development, has created more harm than good. Many students no longer perform eff ectively in school because many of them spend much time in social networking sites. Students also do not read hard because of much time spent on the Internet (Carr 340). Carr further argues that the Internet has changed the brain of many individuals; thus contributing to varied changes. For instance, Carr notices that many students cannot read books for more than one hour, and this has led to poor performances in many schools. This means that the minds of students have nowadays changed in that one cannot read a book for more than three pages before turning into the Internet. This has become just like an addict because many students cannot spend their entire day without using technology for varied activities. For instance, the increased social disorders that have risen are contributed due to more time spend on social networking sites and the Internet. Additionally, Carr notices that many students have become lazy because over dependent on the Internet for varied activities. Many stud ents do not work hard by reading their books, but rather spend time in the Internet or social networking sites. Google is making many of them lazy and stupid because they depend on the Internet for carrying out their research or assignments. Students do not spend their time in the libraries reading printed books because they believe that, with Google, everything is possible. They use Google for carrying out research work because it is easier and saves time than searching books from the library categories. Although, this is crucial because Google directs them to the required material, but it is making many students become lazy. Wellmon (78) argues that Google search engine is making us stupid or smart; thus giving way to complex and productive questions. Thus, the time students spend in social networking sites than books have impacted performance of many students in their various learning institutions. Internet has contributed to the new form of writing and reading styles. Many stude nts spend much of their time interacting with

Business Code of Ethics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Code of Ethics - Research Paper Example On the other hand, ethics is more social and more specific than morality and the practical counterpart of it (Stewart, 2011, p. 7). It serves as the guide for the actions and behaviors especially in professions and organizations. In business, it is also very important especially in companies where complex system works together with many people involve. Some actions are not tolerated as those may become detrimental to the individual and to the whole organization. Misbehaviors may destroy the reputation of the business and may affect its sales (Boone and Kurtz, 2011, p. 197). Later on, profits may also decline as a result of losing sales that may lead to more undesirable conditions of the organization. It may not be able to sustain its operations and the management may decide to have massive lay-off to save the company. If it comes to the worst case scenario, the company will close due to bankruptcy. The illustrated possibilities that may happen to the company due to misbehavior only s how how ethics is important to guide each person in his course of actions in his daily life especially during the times he spend in working for the company. It shows how it is important for the management to place some ways of control over the working system of the company to ensure that ethics is followed by the members of the organization and prevent the occurrence of undesirable conditions. Rules and regulations are then presented to the employees as they must know the allowable actions and disallowable actions that are subjected to sanctions. Good performance leads to rewards while misconduct leads to punishment. Standards are also held in place to provide a guide for the employees to follow regarding the level of productivity and performance that they must render. Standards and the rules and regulations are affected by the code of ethics. Since conducting a business is also a profession, it requires a list of norms that people must follow. To make the concept of code of ethics clearer, a specific definition must be given. As said in the preceding sentences, code of ethics is established for certain particular professions to ensure quality services and meet the needs of the clients. The code contains a list of norms that professionals must follow throughout their careers (Marquis and Huston, 2009, p. 77). Therefore, the code defines the identity of the certain profession being practiced while ensuring the values to reflect on the performance. Sometimes code of ethics is called code of conduct as it pertains to the correct or wrong actions and behaviors. In business, it is installed in the company to ensure the top-of-the-line services and products are delivered to the clients as they are important to the profits that drive the operations of the company (Ferrell et. al., 2011, p. 347). Without profits, company will not be sustainable and may eventually close. In making a code of ethics, it requires to have a basis. The basis then for the code of ethics to s ubstantiate is to identify the underlying values. Values are then important not only in adding ease to the lives of people but also bringing a progressive uplift to the society as a whole. It also leads to the enhancement of the quality of lives around the world (Shaikh, 2010, p. 480). Therefore, the code then must consider not only the values and service quality but also the prevailing culture and beliefs in the locality where it operates

The Fuss about the North East New Territories Development Plan Essay Example for Free

The Fuss about the North East New Territories Development Plan Essay The Government should go ahead in order to accommodate the overspill and the fast growing population , alleviate socio-economic problems in inner cities by creating a pleasant environment with adequate amenities and job vacancies and boost Hong Kong economy, Although there are some voices arguing that the North East New Territories New Development Plan are not a good policy by saying that the plan will destroy our beautiful natural landscape, the truth is with good urban planning, those three new towns will be sustainable and the benefits they brought will definitely outweigh the drawbacks of the plan. In the past ten years, the population of Hong Kong had grown relatively rapidly by 0. 66 million , compare with our neighborhood, Macau, which only had about 0. 11million growth in the population in the same period . With such a significant increase, this give rise to the problem of inadequate housing. A high demand but limited supply, the price of house skyrocketed to a level that most of the people cannot burden. Therefore, in order to accommodate the new immigrants and the low-income group in Hong Kong, the North East New Territories New Development Plan may be a solution to this problem. The plan will provide sufficient area which is in low density planning and greenery to accommodate about 131,000 people in total, including 65,000 people in Kwu Tung North, 48,000 people in Fanling North and 18,000 people in Ping Che . With the planning that puts stress on low building and population density, more open space and greenery, those new towns will cope with the surrounding environment to form a compatible and concinnity environment for people to live their lives. Nowadays, new immigrants or grassroots citizens who are waiting for public housing have no choice but lives in the squatters, roof-top structure, coffin home or even cage house in the inner city, such as Sham Shui Po, Mong Kok, etc. Those places have congested living condition, some of them may even are the pre-war buildings which are dilapidated. They usually share the bathroom and kitchen. This may cause an insanitary environment among the buildings. Also, most of the people living are either grassroots citizens or elderly. As the urban planning is poor in the past, there aren’t enough recreational amenities for them to use. Hence may lead to social problem, such as fire hazard like the one just happen few months ago at the Fa Yuen Street. Besides of social problem, economic problem may arise, too. As people may not want to work at a remote area, they may apply the near-by job. But, there are so many people concentrated in a small area, the job vacancies may not sufficient to support such a huge population in the area. Therefore some of them may become unemployed, hence, they may have economic problem, which means they can’t even earn a living. With the well planned plan of the new towns, the three new towns have different theme. The theme of Kwu Tung North, Fanling North and Ping Che are mixed develop zone, riverside township and quality business residential area respectively. There will be jobs provided to fulfill the population there, too. For instance, in Kwu Tung North, there will have approximately 26000 job vacancies, in Fanling North, there will be about 6200 job vacancies provided and in Ping Che there will be about 13000 job vacancies . Moreover, the three new towns are enjoying locational factors, they will locate near by the edge of Hong Kong, where close to China, there are lots of job opportunities in the mainland, and therefore some of them may even work in Shen Zhen. This will definitely solve the unemployment problem that happened in the inner city. The development of the three new towns will also contribute to the economic growth in Hog Kong. The new town development plan has offer development spaces for the six industries promoted by the Government, they include testing and certification services, medical services, innovation and technology, cultural and creative industries environmental industries and education services . These six industries enhance the competitiveness of Hong Kong in the Pearl River Delta and generate so many job opportunities just like I mentioned before. Under the aforementioned reasons, I hold my firm believe that the North East New Territories New Town Development plan is going to bring along with so many benefits. Although some parties are concerning about the natural landscape will be destroyed, with good urban planning and restriction of the height of the buildings, the area must going to be as good as now or even better. If we only focus on protecting the environment but neglect the needs of the people in the city, the city still can’t be sustainably developed. Only to strike a sensible balance between economy development and environmental conservation, then the city will head to the right track which is sustainably developed. Therefore I will definitely support the North East New Territories Development Plan, but only under the circumstances that the Government could strike a balance between economy development and environmental conservation.

The Tourism Industry In Sri Lanka Tourism Essay

The Tourism Industry In Sri Lanka Tourism Essay This report contains the results of the investigation which is done to find out how the new born peace will affect the tourism industry of Sri Lanka after defeating the LTTE leader Brabhakaran and washing out terrorism from Sri Lanka. The main areas used for the investigation are, The problems occurred in Sri Lankan tourism industry due to war. Under this area, this investigation is carried over the major problems which Sri Lankan tourism industry faced because of the war. This is mainly carried out through secondary data such as news paper articles, other articles from the websites and report published by Sri Lankan tourism development Authority. Some of the facts were gathered through the questionnaire given to the director of the Sri Lankan tourist Board, London. Affects of new born peace to Investors Under this factor the investigation runs towards the new opportunities which investors will have in the future after the war and what will be the incentives and advantages of investing in those areas. This is also mainly done through the secondary data such as newspaper articles, brochures and reports published by the Sri Lankan tourism development authority, websites. Tourists The research carried over to find out what will happen to the number of tourist arrivals in future after the war. What are the new facilities will offer by Sri Lankan tourism industry, what will be the attracting destinations developed and how will the government help in developing tourism industry. Mainly this is carried out by primary data which is collected through the questionnaire and others were gathered from the secondary data. Social life and local people In this research is on the changes, that will happen on social life and the local people with the new born peace and its affects on tourism. These information were gathered by using both primary and secondary data. Areas and regions Here the investigation is on the tourist areas which will affect the new born peace. The report contains the new developments of tourist areas will be done in Sri Lanka. The research is done using secondary data such as websites. PEST analysis SWOT analysis This research carried a PEST analysis and a Swot Analysis in order to find out how the political, economical, social and technological environments will change or adjust according to the peace affected tourism. Also an analysis for SWOT to find out the strengths opportunities that will strengthen the growth of the tourism industry and weaknesses threats which will weaken the growth of the tourism industry. For this both primary and secondary data have been used. Specially the report publishes by Sri Lanka tourism development authority. Sri Lankan tourism industry will grow in future with the developments and growth in investments, tourists, areas and regions and local people in this peaceful environment. Finally Sri Lanka will create a golden period for the tourism industry in the new born peace. INTRODUCTION Sri Lanka is a country famous for hospitality, tourism and well being people from the past. Once Marco Polo has told in 1293 A.D., this for its actual size, is better circumstanced than any other island in the world. The island produces more beautiful and valuable rubies than found in any other place in the world. In this island there is a very high mountains where the tomb of Adam, our first parent, is supposed to be found. (Ref:http://www.traveldailynews.com/pages/show_page/31677-Sri-Lanka-TourismQuo-vadis- ) But since from the near past (1980s) Sri Lankan tourism industry dropped step by step, as LTTEs started their terrorism mainly from the North part of Sri Lanka and spread to East and other parts of the country later on. Fortunately now Sri Lanka is free from terrorism after about 3 decades. Therefore the country is safe to roam from North to South East to West without any double thoughts. This situation has affected on tourism industry in a positive manner. Now the tourism industry is blooming again slowly within the new born peace and has become a cause to change the Sri Lankan Economy, Political view, social life on tourism and many more. Therefore this report has investigated on How the new born peace will affect the tourism industry in Sri Lanka. This report contains, The problems occurred in Sri Lankan tourism industry due to war. The affects of new born peace to Investors in tourism industry Tourists Areas and Regions Social life of local people The opportunities due the new born peace a). PEST b). SWOT METHODOLOGY This research is done by gathering information from both primary data and secondary data. Primary Data I have used an interview and a questionnaire as the primary data in finding information for the research. Secondary data I have used mainly the latest report (National Strategy for Sri Lanka Tourism) published by Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority and broachers, magazines news paper articles, websites as the secondary data. THE PROBLEMS OCCURED IN SRI LANKAN TOURISM INDUSTRY DUE TO WAR Sri Lanka experienced a vastly fluctuating tourism during the past decades. (Ref: http://www.traveldailynews.com/pages/show_page/31677-Sri-Lanka-TourismQuo-vadis- ) As per the World Tourism Organisation figures, tourist arrivals has increased in Asian countries for the past decade. (Ref: http://www.traveldailynews.com/pages/show_page/31677-Sri-Lanka-TourismQuo-vadis- ) But Sri Lanka has dropped tourist arrivals. (Ref: Central Bank of Sri Lanka) While all the other foreign exchange earning sectors have increased their earnings, tourism has decreased though it is the fourth largest foreign exchange earning sector. (Ref: http://www.traveldailynews.com/pages/show_page/31677-Sri-Lanka-TourismQuo-vadis- ) Bombing in buses and tourist destinations caused a huge draw back in tourist arrivals. Even though Sri Lankan tourist board offers them worth packages they didnt want to visit Sri Lanka because of the safety reason. (Ref: http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=47983 ) Bad press releases during the war time, both internally and internationally affected vastly tourists decisions on Sri Lanka. Some were distributed only to get political gains and some were to draw a bad picture on tourists mind about Sri Lanka and get advantages. Higher insurance covers had prompted tourists to see elsewhere. Insurance covers were high because of the high risk level of security within the country. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 15) Good employees of tourism industry have gone to other countries due to poor salaries and lack of opportunities among the industry. Lack of government support in promoting the industry according to the changes in the market. AFFECTS OF NEW BORN PEACE TO INVESTORS During the past 3 decades investors for tourism industry were locked within the Southern Middle part of the country. But now they have the opportunity to invest in all over the country as they wish. Especially in North East regions which has most famous places to visit such as most beautiful beaches, temples, etc. with the end of war, tourist arrivals may increase. Therefore the government and the private sector has to be ready to welcome them with good accommodation facilities, infrastructure, transportation facilities, and many more. For that investors can invest in the new environment which is more favourable to them. Some of the favourable are, Cost of doing business has reduced due to the end of war. Freight rates, insurance, and other financial issues which added a huge cost for business has now decreased. Therefore investors can get more profits over their investments. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html ) Political stability is growing especially in areas of North East. This leads to stability in policies and rules. Therefore investors can invest in long-term projects. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/FT335.html ) The government of Sri Lanka has started providing infrastructure such as roads, power, and ports. This also again reduce investors costs in investing. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Stock market has climbed over 96% in 2009 which is the winning year of the war. Itll be more profitable in investing stock market in future. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) Interest Rates and Inflation rate are coming down. The Sri Lankan government has reduced their lending rates and has asked the private sector to reduce their lending rates. This is a very usefull and profitable information who wishes to borrow fund in Sri Lanka. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) The end of war has cleared new paths for new investment opportunities across real estate, healthcare, plantation, and infrastructure. Especially in North and East regions for about 3 decades there were no opportunities for any industry to do their work freely. What was there is only war. Therefore there are opportunities for hospitals and other healthcare facilities, plantation as this region has the most rich lands and infrastructure as all the infrastructures have been destroyed during war season. These are indirectly interconnected to tourism industry. Because tourism industry is a industry which depends on other industries other than the destinations. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) Cheap labour Investors can have cheap labour in to their businesses ass the unemployment is more in North and East. New tourist destinations. There are new and marvellous locations and places in North and East which were not allowed to visit for about three decades. These places will be more tourist attracting destinations in future. And also the ruined buildings and places due to war will be attracting sceneries for both local and foreign tourists. As the Northern and Eastern areas were banned for visitors during the war period, both local people and foreign people are willing to visit these places. Therefore the arrivals of visitors for the North and East will be more and this will lead investors to earn more from those areas by investing in accommodation facilities, infrastructure, transportation, sports activities and leisure activities. Sri Lankan government is looking for Middle eastern investors to develop the resorts as a preparation for the boost in tourism industry. (Ref: http://www.arabianbusiness.com/554986-sri-lanka-tourism-eyes-mideast-investors ) MSME will have more opportunities to develop their business with growth in tourism. There will be more ports other than Colombo to use. They are the Trincomalee port and The Hambantota port. Earlier these ports were used only for military activities but now they are open for common activities. FOR TOURISTS New born peace has given a new life for both domestic and international tourists. Specially Northern and Eastern areas are the most attracting areas of tourists these days because of the unseen destinations such as temples, beaches, ruins, etc. Also the current favourable security level has given tourists a boom. Here are some more tips for the change in tourists behaviour. New unseen locations. Tourists, both local and foreign can experience world famous and beautiful locations which are not polluted or crowded. Especially the Eastern sea and Nilavelli beach are the most attracting areas in the Eastern region. Other attracting things are whale spotting, fishing, water sports, sea rafting. Also the locations with historical value and religious value, especially in Northern area, such as Nagadeepa, Jaffna library, ruins of war, etc. Not only in North East, tourists can visit other places such as Anuradapura, Polonnaruwa, Mohinthale, Sigiriya, Sinharaja rain forest, National Parks, hill-country which is famous as little England, etc. Safety Now Sri Lanka is free from bombs, suicide bombers, and terrorism. Therefore people can visit anywhere in the country without fearing about safety from LTTE activities. This was the main reason which reduced more and more tourist arrivals. But now it is fully solved. So tourists have the opportunity to explore Sri Lanka without fear. Proper Facilities The Sri Lankan government and the private sector is building infrastructure fast to provide proper facilities for tourists such as roads, power and ports. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Also proper places for accommodation and other facilities are building up so that the tourists may feel that they are at home. More leisure and sports activities Sri Lankan sea is famous for sports activities. And now tourists have more opportunities in Eastern Sea. Because Eastern sea is known as a sea which is very calm and good for sports activities such as rafting, whale spotting. Also Sri Lanka has a unchanging whether throughout the year. Therefore tourists can come and enjoy whenever they have leisure time. Stable political environment As now Sri Lanka is bit stable in their political status due to the end of war. Therefore policies and rules in tourism especially rules in arriving will be stable. So that itll be very easy for tourists while visiting Sri Lanka especially on Visas. And there will be less political violence among the country which will create a peaceful environment for tourists. New resorts for both local and foreign tourists especially in Nothern and Eastern areas. Also in other areas as the investors are interested in investing tourism sector. Example: Kuchchaveli resort Passikudah resort Sri Lanka is not famous only for leisure tourists but also for pilgrims. Therefore Pilgrim rests are building in order to provide proper facilities especially for domestic tourists. (Ref: National Strategy For Sri Lankan Tourism- page no 61) More facilities for business tourists. Sri Lanka was famous for MICE activities in the past. But it dropped due to the poor security. Now again MICE activities are booming in Sri Lanka with the new born peace. Therefore the government is looking to provide better facilities for businessmen who come to Sri Lanka for MICE activities. Tourists will be able to arrive Sri Lanka not only by air but also by cruise ships as now Sri Lanka has 2 more ports. Trincomalee port and Hambantota port are the two new ports which has started work after war. TO AREAS AND REGIONS After the war especially the Northern and Eastern regions have started to develop fast. Also the other areas of the country are developing faster as the governments military cost has reduced. This helps in developing tourism industry. For examples, The local areas are developing as the government has already started developing infrastructure in North and East regions. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Kuchchaveli Resort This is a area about 500 acres in Trincomalee district which is inbetween the North Nilaweli beach and Kuchchaveli village. This resort contains hotels, other facilities regarding accommodation, land and water based sports and a theme park. This will help in attracting more tourists in future. (Ref: http://www.sltda.lk/eastern_region_development ) Passikudah project SLTDA has planned to restart the Passikudah resort project which was planned to start in 1983 and stopped due to war. This resort is located by the Passikudah bay and contains 500 rooms in about 150 acres. This project will also generate high tourist arrivals. (Ref: http://www.sltda.lk/passikudah_project ) Trincomalee and Hambantota ports will be busy with commercial ships and cruise ships with visitors and goods. TO SOCIAL LIFE AND LOCAL PEOPLE Peace has changed the social lives of people especially in the parts where fighting were there. Those people did not know anything about outside apart from those areas which they live. But now the situation is changed. People are free to open up to the world. Many have started to work with the tourism industry because of the huge number of tourists arrivals. People from other parts of the country are also free to live their lives without the fear of terrorism. They are more common in North and East as domestic tourists. because they were not allowed to visit those places for about 3 decades and the people from North and East are free to visit other South part of Sri Lanka after 3 decades. Here are some of the affect of the end of war to the social life and local people from the view point of tourism. Political stability is growing. so that people are able to stay wherever they want to stay and they are free to visit wherever they want. Also the rules and policies of regarding business will remain same. Therefore local people can start small scale businesses such as small hotels, guest houses, rent three-wheelers, batik, etc. especially in tourist areas. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Government has started to work with infrastructure especially in North and East areas. Therefore its be easy and fast to develop tourist oriented businesses as well as other businesses in those areas. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Interest rates and inflation is decreasing. So that people may borrow money and invest in their businesses and build their damaged properties. And this will create a beautiful eye-catching areas for tourists. also the prices of goods will decrease due to lower inflation and it will create wealth among people. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) There will be more employment opportunities with the incensement in tourist arrivals and other tourism activities in all over the country. People will have more money with them so that they will be motivated to visit places and go for day outs, picnics and trips. More fishing opportunities in North and East. Tourism police will have to be expanded to stop drug trafficking, prostitution and abuse of children with the full support of the courts, local people and politicians as the tourism industry grows. Guides, lecturers, drivers, three-wheeler entrepreneurs, will get more opportunities especially in North East as well as the other parts of Sri Lanka due to growth in tourist arrivals. Also owners of small guesthouses with one or two rooms, small hotels, restaurants, bar, tea boutiques will have a increase in their income. Arts crafts, spice gardens, batik, woodwork centres, wellness centre also will increase their sales. PEST ANALYSIS POLITICAL FACTORS Political environment has changed after the war in order to develop tourism industry. The government supports by conducting investment symposium such as BizPact invest in Sri Lanka which was held in June 2009 to attract new investments. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Political stability is growing specially in North and East regions after the war. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Government is aiming to welcome 700,000 to 750,000 visitors by 2011 through visit Sri Lanka programme. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) Government is looking for Middle Eastern investors to develop the resorts after the war. (Ref: http://www.arabianbusiness.com/554986-sri-lanka-tourism-eyes-mideast-investors ) Reorganised the tourist board and ministry in order to deliver a good service. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 04) Develop a 4 year strategic plan for tourism for the period of 2009-2012. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 04) The Ministry, in partnership with the provincial council are creating a series of recommended one day tours especially for domestic tourists (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 62) ECONOMICAL FACTORS Sri Lankan economy has changed vastly with the new opportunities occurred with the new peace after the war. Following are the factors which will affect Sri Lankan tourism as a result of ending war. Doing business in Sri Lanka is more economical because the cost has reduced due to reductions in fright rates, insurance and other financial issues. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html ) Stock market has increased over 96% in 2009 after war. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) Inflation and interest rates are coming down. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) The North East will contribute heavily to GDP growth in the country. (Ref: http://srilankatoday.com/content/view/2586/52/ ) People will have more money with them. Commercial ships can come to new ports such as Trincomalee and Hambantota other than Colombo. Trincomalee port is in the East and Hambantota is in South. Therefore the country is available with 3 main ports around the country. MICE trade will grow with the peaceful environment. Earlier MICE industry experienced cancellations a sharp fall in arrivals due to the security issues such as suicide bombing. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 55) SOCIAL FACTORS The new born peace has changed the lifestyles, consumer trends, ethics and religious factors and many more with the affects of tourism industry. Addition of North and East provinces to the tourism industry will boost employment opportunities as well as the developments in other part of the country will also introduce more employment opportunities. All the development activities are done by taking care of the community, environment, culture and heritage especially in tourism and hospitality industry. Northern Eastern people get fishing opportunities and also people from other areas can come to these areas for fishing. Tourism police has to be expanded to stop drug tracking, prostitution and child abusing with the development of the tourism industry. People who own small guesthouses, small hotels, restaurants, bar, tea boutiques will be able to earn more. Also people who do arts and crafts, spice gardens, batik shops, woodwork will be able to earn more with the increased number of tourists. Guides, lecturers, drivers, three-wheeler entrepreneurs will have a higher demand. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS Especially the Northern and Eastern areas have started to develop technologically after the war. This has made a great issue for the development in tourism industry because many foreign tourists are from developed countries such as UK, Spain, Germany, Australia, etc. and they will be more satisfied if they have the modern technology to use while they are visiting the beauty of Sri Lanka. Mobile telecommunication industry will also boom due to the addition of North and East to the tourism industry. Travel sources such as coaches, trains, cars, taxies have to be developed to provide quality services. Working towards improving websites and online marketing (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 56) Developing internal flights from Colombo to Jaffna with new facilities. Vavuniya-jaffna rail track has started constructions. This will be a great source to increase the number of local visitors from South to North. (Ref: http://srilankatoday.com/content/view/4416/52 ) SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS Cost of doing business in Sri Lanka has reduced due to decreases in freight rates, insurance and other financial issues. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html ) Political stability is growing especially in North and East regions. Therefore it will be more advantages doing business in Sri Lanka. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html ) Stock market has rosed over 96% in 2009 just after the war. And it will keep climbing because of the new opportunities for business. Such as tourism and hospitality industry. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) The entire North and east provinces will join in to the tourism industry with their values, destinations, and beauty. Addition of Trincomalee port to Sri Lankan shipping network will boost huge business visitors and employment opportunities. Worlds finest beaches for surfing, whale spotting, water sports, coastal fishing and coral reefs are now with the Sri Lanka. Earlier half of these beaches were not in a position to offer tourists. but now Sri Lanka has a treasure which many countries does not have. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 12) 4 year strategic plan for tourism from 2009-20012 which has developed 10 strategies and 8 objectives to provide a better service for tourists and tourism industry. Strategic Targets: To build a more diverse product range. To make Sri Lanka more accessible. To attract 1.5 million tourist arrivals per annum. To increase yield per tourist from US$ 80 to US$ 130 per day. To create an additional 7,000 rooms by 2016 with the right conditions. To further develop the East and North-West with the development of existing sites and cities. (resorts and new resorts) To help traditional markets grow and open up new markets. To exceed world-class service levels and hospitality. To increase domestic tourism. To help MSME sector grow. Objectives: Short-term programme Take immediate action to increase visitors, manage cost and improve services. Marketing and Communications Help the world to discover Sri Lanka through rebranding, communication and marketing. Services and Hospitality Improve the quality and scope of visitors experiences. Training Development Keep changing the Sri Lankan tourism according to world tourism through professional training. MICE Make Sri Lanka a preferred venue for MICE. Domestic Tourism Improve and expand domestic tourism. Grow the MSME sector. 10 year plan A plan which will place Sri Lanka as a highly desired experiential quality destination. For the buddhist pilgrims both domestic and international, specially there are Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa to worship which were not a safe area at the past due to war. Also Nagadeepa which is famous as a place where Lord Buddha was teaching. For Christian pilgrims there is the Madhu church which is very famous for miracles. Sri Lanka has 14 national parks with fauna and flora which are now available to offer for tourists. Able to offer one of the worlds finest fishing grounds, in the coast of the Jaffna peninsula. This creates more domestic visitors and more employment opportunities. Business travellers can get the perfect work environment with post meeting relaxation including yoga, massage and other treatments. Most of the hotels have these facilities in their separated areas or rooms as a adjustment for the tourist expectations and a way of attract tourists to their hotels again and again. Sri Lanka has More products to offer than the past. Such as more sports activities, leisure activities, expanded destinations, etc. Cruise ships are also welcome to the Sri Lankans new port Trincomalee and Hambantota port. So that tourists who wish travel by sea can visit Sri Lanka while getting experience of sea travelling (sailing) (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 21) Sri Lanka aims to promote old festivals with a new look such as Ramayana trail. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 28) WEAKNESSES Lack of Tamil speaking officers to work in Northern Eastern provinces. Lack of Inspection on child sex and prostitution. Still there are undiscovered destinations in the country. Which will attract more tourists to the country. Lack of integration between agencies. Anyone who wishes to invest in tourism in Sri Lanka has to obtain permission from a number of agencies including numerous ministries, local authorities Government agents. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lanka Tourism- page no: 15) Lack of Infrastructure When a traveller has undertaken an exhausting 12 hour flight, they need a future 5-6 hour. Drive along poor quality roads to reach their hotel or destination. And when they reach they may get poor quality rooms. Older Cars, Taxis, mini buses and coaches minimise the standards. OPPORTUNITIES There are new investment opportunities in real estate, healthcare, plantations infrastructure sector as core-sectors in tourism industry. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-invesment-radar.html ) Kuchchaveli Resort will be a grate place to spend leisure time for both local foreign tourists which contains hotels, land water based sports and a theme park. (Ref: http://www.sltda.lk/eastern_region_development ) Passikudah resort is Another new resort which is located by the Passikudah bay it contains 500 rooms in about 150 acres. (Ref: http://www.sltda.lk/passikudah_project ) Small Miracle , is the Sri Lankan new tourism brand. This has been tested in all the key markets and has shown good results. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft328.html ) Sri Lankan government is looking for Middle Eastern to develop the resorts as a preparation for boost in tourism after the war. (Ref:http://www.arabianbusiness.com/554986-sri-lanka-tourism-eyes-mideast-investors ) Opportunities to expand the industry to new markets and to develop the nature, culture and adventure products through new Beaches Beyond strategy. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lanka Tourism) Cruise ships and commercial ships can come in greater numbers to new Trincomalee port beyond Colombo and Hambantota. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lanka Tourism-page no:21) As the war ended Sri Lanka has headed towards new markets like Israel, Japan, Middle-East and Russia other than their usual markets (Germany, France, India UK) (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lanka Tourism-page no:22) There will be more opportuniti

Defense Mechanisms Unruly Id and Neddy Essay example -- Essays Papers

Defense Mechanisms Unruly Id and Neddy The Swimmer The idea of the human mind being composed of both a conscious and unconscious has been around for quite some time. Not until Sigmund Freud elaborated on these structures though were the ideas so popular and accepted. Freud described our conscious mind as what we are aware of in any present situation including our thoughts, ideas and perceptions. Freud also introduced us to the idea of the preconscious mind, which is closely related to the conscious in that it holds thoughts and ideas that are easily available to be brought to the conscious. The most important aspect of the mind, as Freud would tell us, is that of the unconscious realm that holds information not readily available to us. It is proposed that much of the information in the unconscious is stored there because we cannot bear to think about it. Closely related to the conscious, preconscious and unconscious minds are structures Freud believes determine our behavior: the id, ego, and superego. When reading a piece o f literature the main focus is almost always on the characters. We try to understand their thoughts, feelings, perceptions, and drives. In The Swimmer, John Cheever forces us to ask ourselves what it is that compels Neddy to push himself beyond his limits and forget such critical aspects of his life. By analyzing Neddy’s id, ego, and superego, we begin to see a clearer picture of what drives his strange behavior. The id, located in the unconscious, is thought to be the primitive part of our psyche and the source of our motivations that drive us to fulfill our needs immediately. Freud believed that the id consisted of two parts: one driven by the life instinct, or pleasure principle, and the other driven by the death instinct. The life instinct promotes life of the individual and species by motivating him to eat and procreate. The death instinct refers to our desires to be still, at peace, and have no more needs. This instinct manifests itself by alcohol and drug abuse, getting lost in a book, craving sleep, or sometimes as seriously as suicide. Throughout the whole story of The Swimmer, we are constantly asking the question â€Å"why?† We first wonder why Neddy is pushing himself to the point of exhaustion while undertaking this journey, then we begin to wonder what it is that happened to Neddy and his family,... ...his family were probably too much for him to think about. This more than likely led to the unconscious repression of the event, person, or situation. The repression of these things into his unconscious is why he cannot recall anything relating to the situation. After first reading The Swimmer, I was confused as to why Neddy was behaving as he did. After applying Freud’s theories of different levels of consciousness and the id, ego and superego, we start to see a clearer picture of this disturbed individual. Neddy’s problems run far deeper than houses, money, or work related problems. His inability to cope with reality and its stressors is more troubling than any material possessions that he may be lacking. Neddy’s out of control id combined with his overwhelmed ego and resulting abuse of defense mechanisms seem to be at the route of his problem. Neddy’s ego has done a wonderful job of totally distorting his reality in an attempt to reduce stress. I think at at least one time in our lives we have all wanted to forget about some horrible, embarrassing, or troublesome event. The story of The Swimmer allows us ponder if this â€Å"easy way out† is really so easy after all.

Teaching Methods and Attitudes in Willie Russells Our Day Out Essay

Willie Russell the author of the play â€Å"Our Day out† had a very similar life to the children in the play. Russell comes from a working class background. Russell left school at the age of fifteen with no formal qualifications. When he left school he became a ladies hairdresser for five years, then a labourer for a further year. After this he enrolled on a one year ‘A’ level course this enabled him to go to ST. Katherine’s college of higher education in order to train as a teacher. Soon after this Russell decided that he would like to become a playwright after he attended a play at the Liverpool’s ‘everyman theatre’. He attended night classes specialising in drama. This is when he began writing plays. â€Å"Our Day Out† is based around a school trip from the inner cities of Liverpool to Conway Castle in Wales. This play focuses on the Progress class and their first outing on a trip with two teachers called Mr. Briggs and Mrs. Kay. They are special needs children with learning difficulties, and are taught by Mrs. Kay who is in charge of the trip. The teachers, Mr. Briggs and Mrs. Kay are best suited for the needs of the children in the Progress class. The main pupil in whom this play focuses on is a girl named Carol. Carol is a poor young girl who is eager to attend the trip, she rushes to school with enthusiasm. The deeper issues that you draw your attention are different teaching methods, attitudes towards the children, special needs education and the possibility of escaping a poor a background for both the teachers and the children. An example of the different teaching methods is Mrs. Kay is a very calm, kind, soft and gentle character and lets the children ‘get away with murder’ whereas Mr. Briggs is very abrupt, loud and shouts a lo... ...nk we should be inside, looking after them.† I think Mr. Briggs was right as the children could have been doing anything in the shop. ‘Scene twenty-one’ shows us Mr. Briggs’s views on teaching the children. Mr. Briggs wants the children to have a planned teaching method, he doesn’t like Mrs. Kay’s way of teaching as he thinks it is unorganised. I think this tells us about his character, that he knows that is the children are taught properly they can succeed. On the top of the cliff when Carol says that Briggs is just scared he’ll get into trouble if she jumps, I don’t think this is true as I really think that Mr. Briggs was caring about Carol and didn’t want her to hurt herself. I think Mr. Briggs took the kids to the fair as he was feeling very sorry for them also he had let out some deep feelings throughout the day, it just shows that every one has a nice side.

Wonder Woman: A Symbol of the Feminist Movement Essay -- Wonder Woman,

"William Marston was an unusual man—a psychologist, a soft-porn pulp novelist, more than a bit of a carny, and the (self-declared) inventor of the lie detector. He was also the creator of Wonder Woman, the comic that he used to express two of his greatest passions: feminism and women in bondage."(Berlatsky, 2015) For over 60 years, Wonder Woman has filled the pages of her magazine with adventures ranging from battling Nazis, to declawing human-like Cheetahs. Her exploits thrilled and inspired many young girls, including Gloria Steinem. Through all of this, she has had to pilot her invisible jet through territories that her male counterparts have never had to. She is constantly pulled in two directions; her stories must be entertaining and non threatening to the male status quo, while simultaneously furthering her as the original symbol of 'Girl Power.' She is praised for being an icon of strength to women everywhere, but chastised for wearing a skimpy costume and tying men up, as if she were no more than a male fantasy. No comic book character has had to endure as much scrutiny as Wonder Woman. That's because Wonder Woman represents an entire gender, at a time of important social flux. Although she was created by a man to influence a male audience, Wonder Woman has evolved into an important symbol of the feminist movement. An Amazon is born Shortly after Superman made his appearance in 1939, a noted psychologist by the name of William Moulton Marston wrote an article in Family Circle magazine, praising comic books. According to Les Daniels in Wonder Woman: The Complete History (Chronicle Books, 2000, pp. 22-24), his article caught the eye of M.C. Gains of DC Comics. Gains was so impressed by the article, he hired Marston into a new position at DC Comics. Within a year, at the urging of his wife, Marston set out to create a female superhero. By February 1941, Marston handed in his first script for ‘Suprema: The Wonder Woman.’ (We owe a debt of thanks to whoever dropped the Suprema.) Marston created a unique heroine, based loosely on Greek Mythology. Diana was the Princess of Paradise Island, a mystical place inhabited by Amazons. Her mother, Hippolyte (sometimes referred to as Hippolyta), Queen of the Amazons, wanted a child and petitioned the Goddesses of Olympus to give her one. She was instructed to sculp t a child from clay. When she was done, the... ... nurturing. All the while balancing family issues and fighting against stereotypes. As her comic book moves ahead, Wonder Woman will continue to tackle issues relating to every woman, and even, every human. Works Cited: Berlatsky, Noah. Wonder Woman: Bondage and Feminism in the Marston/Peter Comics, 1941-1948. January 2015. Print. Daniels, Les. Wonder Woman: The Complete History. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2001. Edgar, Joanna â€Å"Wonder Woman Revisited†: Ms. Warner Communications: (July 1972) 28-29 Jimenez, Phil. Wonder Woman #172. (Second Series) DC Comics: (August 2001) Kanigher, Robert. Sensation Comics #97. DC Comics: (May-June 1950) Kanigher, Robert. Wonder Woman #204. DC Comics: (January-February 1973) Marston, William Moulten. Wonder Woman Archives, Vol. One. New York: DC Comics 1998, 8-16 â€Å"The New, Original Wonder Woman† Wonder Woman, ABC: November 7, 1975 O’Neil, Dennis. Wonder Woman #177. DC Comics: (July-August 1968) Perez, George. Wonder Woman #1 (Second Series) DC Comics: (February 1987) Thomas, Roy. Wonder Woman #288 DC Comics: (February 1982) Wolfman, Marv. Crisis On Infinite Earths #12 DC Comics: (December 1986)

Kingship Comparison of Henry V and Beowulf Essay

This essay is a comparison of the kingship of King Henry V in the play â€Å"Henry V† written by William Shakespeare and Beowulf in the poem â€Å"Beowulf† translated by Seamus Heaney. The specific texts to be used for this purpose is the â€Å"Henry V† book of the Folger Shakespeare Library series and the â€Å"Beowulf† poem found in The Norton Anthology of English Literature 7th edition Volume 1, respectively. Henry the Fifth and Beowulf are ideal kings fit to become role models for the leaders of today because they have great ideas of their kingship and leadership which made them rule over each of their kingdoms with strength, courage and faith in God’s providence as their source of power. These similar qualities and characteristics make their kingship successful and fruitful. Henry the Fifth is worth emulating for he is a great and powerful king who holds his role as a king with highest regard. He manifests his ideas of kingship through his deeds throughout the play. First, he sees his kingship as a serious matter. Thus, he acts responsibly forgetting the â€Å"wildness† of his youth. This is evident in his sudden transformation from the wild Prince Hal that he was in the past to a responsible and mature King Henry V. This is what Canterbury observes and states: â€Å"The breath no sooner left his father’s body But that his wildness, mortified in him, Seem’d to die too: yea, at that very moment, Consideration, like an angel, came, And whipp’d the offending Adam out of him, Leaving his body as a paradise, To envelop and contain celestial spirits. Never was such a sudden scholar made; Never came reformation like a flood, With such a heady current, scouring faults; Nor never Hydra-headed wilfulness So soon did lose his seat, and all at once, As in this king† (Shakespeare, 13). This change in him is probably because of his desire to be respected as a ruler of his people. Indeed, he has matured over the time that he is required to stand up as a king. Second, he considers that his kingship depends on the will of the people. Hence, he consults his leaders before he makes a decision. He specifically asks information from the leaders of the church, the Bishops, about the Salic law and his rightful claim to France and if there should be a reason for him to go to war if the king of France won’t accede to his claim. He also expresses his worry about leaving the country to go to war against France. He finally decides to go to France after hearing the advice of the bishops and after listening to the insult of the Dauphin through his messenger (19-23). Third, he believes that a king should have restraint and self-control. That is why when he was insulted by the message of the Dauphin, he did not react irrationally. He showed cool-headedness with these words: â€Å"We are glad the Dauphin is so pleasant with us; His present and your pains we thank you for. When we have matched our rackets to these balls, we will in France, by God’s grace, play a set to strike his father’s crown into the hazard. † He also adds: â€Å"But tell the Dauphin, I will keep my state; Be like a king, and show my sail of greatness† (35). Moreover, he could have prevented the Dauphin’s messenger from coming out alive from England. Instead, he allowed him safe passage. If he were some other irrational king, he would have taken revenge right away. But he did not and thus, he showed his greatness as a king. He also chose his words well in sending his message to the Dauphin through his uncle Duke Exeter (75). Fourth, he assumes that a king should be brave and courageous to lead his soldiers to war. Therefore, he is not afraid to go to war even if it will cost his own life. He does not leave his soldiers on their own to fight for the country instead he goes along with them and encourages them to move on. Henry V admonishes his soldiers with these words: â€Å"But every rub is smoothed on our way. Then, forth, dear countrymen. Let us deliver Our puissance into the hand of God, Putting it straight in expedition† (65) and â€Å"We are in God’s hand, brother, not in theirs. March to the bridge† (119). Fifth, he has concern for his subordinates and his soldiers. When he was still contemplating to go to France to claim his rightful place, he thought of the women and the children who will be left behind when the men will go to war (29) especially that another country might attack their country if the king and all the men are away. He also became worried for his soldiers after he disguised as an ordinary man and talked to some of his soldiers (153). This concern is also demonstrated when he prays â€Å"O God of battles steel my soldiers’ hearts. Possess them not with fear† (155). Sixth, he knows that his kingship is not a reason for abuse. So when he and his troops have taken over the town of Harfleur, he commands his soldiers not to loot and he tells them to respect and show mercy to every citizen in that town. He charges Exeter to have mercy on the people and show fairness and justice because he wants to win the people’s loyalty and respect (99). Seventh, he understands that a king should practice impartiality. Thus, he gives punishment to anyone who violates a law of the land or his word even if the person is an old friend, and he gives rewards to anyone who deserves it. King Henry V manifests this characteristic when Lord Scroop who was very close to him, Earl of Cambridge and Sir Thomas Grey who are also old friends conspired with France to kill him. He then ordered that they be arrested for treason (59). Another instance was when he allowed the execution of Bardolph, a former companion in his younger days, for stealing a communion plate from a church (115). Eight, as a good leader he believes that a king needs to delegate work to his subordinates. This is what he did when he tells his uncle Exeter, brothers Clarence, Warwick and Gloster, and Huntington to â€Å"go with the King; And take with you free power to ratify, Augment, or alter, as your wisdoms best Shall see advantageable for our dignity, Anything in or out of our demands† (219). And most of all, he believes on a greater power who is the Almighty God whom he considers as his source of power. He continually refers to God in the play. King Henry says: â€Å"But this lies all within the will of God, To whom I do appeal† (37) when he decided to go to war against France. He expresses his anxiety by saying â€Å"God’s will, I pray thee wish not one man more. By Jove, I am not covetous for gold† (163) while his soldiers are fighting in the war. At the end of the battle, he speaks to God with these words: â€Å"O God, thy arm was here, And not to us, but to Thy arm alone Ascribe we all! – When, without stratagem, But in plain shock and even play of battle, Was ever known so great and little loss On one part and on th’ other? Take it, God, For it is none but thine† (199). King Henry V does not take the glory of the victory in the battle but he praises God for it. Similarly, Beowulf even before he was made a King of the Geats has the qualities of a good and great king as Henry the Fifth is and he is also worth imitating as a leader. The following are the ideas of kingship he manifested. First, Beowulf is compassionate as a leader. When he heard of Heorot’s predicament because of Grendel’s deeds, he went to Heorot to fight Grendel and freed Heorot of its miseries (lines 400-460). He has compassion towards people that is why he sacrifices even his own life to save others. Second, he uses his strength which is the gift that God has given him as a way to help people who are in need. This is the means by which he was able to defeat Grendel, Grendel’s mother and the Dragon in order to free the people who are attacked by these creatures. There are times when he is about to be defeated but because of the great strength which he believes comes from God, he is able to overcome his deadly and monstrous foes. Third, he is a brave and courageous warrior who never steps back from a challenge especially when he fights Grendel and Grendel’s mother. His bravery and courage can be seen throughout the poem. This was once again proven when as a king who is already old in age still hopes to fight the Dragon that has besieged his own land. Unfortunately, after he killed the Dragon, he also died. Fourth, he knows that a king should rule with discretion. He is even praised by Hrothgar with these words: â€Å"The Lord in his wisdom sent you those words that Beowulf is fit to be king of the Geats and they came† (lines 1840-1860). Fifth, as a leader, he has great concern and responsibility for his men. Thus, when he was about to go and fight Grendel, he asks Hrothgar to take care of his men because he might no longer come back alive with his fight against the monster. And the most important of Beowulf’s qualities as a warrior and ruler is that he looks up to God as his source of power, guidance and protection. Throughout the poem, God is praised with such words as: â€Å"in triumph and gladness. The truth is clear: Almighty God rules over mankind and always has† (line 700). Beowulf also expresses in the poem: â€Å"But the lord of Men allowed me to behold- for He often helps the unbefriended† and â€Å"If God had not helped me, the outcome would have been quick and fatal† referring to his fight with Grendel’s mother. In addition, he says: â€Å"So I praise God in his heavenly glory that I lived to behold† (line 1779). In conclusion, Henry the Fifth and Beowulf exhibit the good qualities of a great king anchored on strength, courage and faith in God’s providence. Both of them are wise, strong, brave, and devoted to God as their one and only source of power. They have very admirable traits which any king, ruler or leader in these modern days should pattern after. References â€Å"Beowulf†. Translated by Seamus Heaney. The Norton Anthology of English Literature 7th edition Volume 1. Eds. M. H. Abrams and Stephen Greenbalt. USA: W. W. Norton & Co. Inc. , 1999, 29-98. Shakespeare, William. â€Å"Henry V†. The Folger Shakespeare Library. Eds. Barbara A. Mowat and Paul Werstine. New York: Washington Square Press. 1995.

Western Political thought: Machiavelli

Nicollo Machiavelli is one of the political thinkers that have contributed immensely to the development of the political thought. However, his thoughts and principles were a radical departure from those of his contemporaries. One of the political thoughts that were different from that of the past thinkers was on the morality of power. According to him morals cannot be used to judge the legitimate and illegitimate application of power. He claims that power and authority are equal variables and anyone that has power gains the right to give commands. He claimed that being good does not give one a moral authority and goodness does not give power to anyone. This view conflicts with the moralistic political theory that associated morality with authority (Nelson, 1995). Machiavelli criticizes the moralistic concept of authority saying that it does not add any value to power. The other political thought that was distant from the past thinkers was on the subject of law and force. Machiavelli first agreed with the past thinkers saying that good laws are important for an orderly political system. However he claimed that good people do not like following laws which means that for the good laws to work, there must be coercion. He wanted to imply that good laws have their legitimacy founded on the use of force. This thought appeared to be cruel, but in reality, laws cannot be legitimate if they are not accompanied by coercive force (Sydney, 2005). The last extreme thought by Machiavelli was on his treatment of politics. In opposition to the definition of the past thinkers who saw politics pragmatically. Machiavelli dismissed politics and an entity that could only be seen from the supremacy of powers that are coercive. The authority in politics according to him cannot exist independently and politics is all about gaining supremacy for personal interests (Nelson, 1995). Though Machiavellian political thoughts were different from those of the past thinkers, modern political theory is based on Machiavellian principles and thoughts. His eccentric thoughts have provided a foundation for the modern political theory.

Melville’s “Bartleby the Scrivener”: Humorous or Tragic? Essay

If ever there are two opposite themes offered in the telling of one tale, it is in Herman Melville’s short story, â€Å"Bartleby the Scrivener†. As his perspective swings between the objective and subjective, so swings the theme from comedy to tragedy. Regardless of the two perspectives from which Herman Melville relates the story of Bartleby, the telling of a tragic story with humorous subjectivity, the story’s plot and outcome determines the categorization. In fact, had Melville not peppered the story with his narrative, light-hearted, internal musings, and shared with the audience a â€Å"grasping at straw† style of rationalization, the main theme could only have been categorized as tragic. Regardless of the two perspectives from which Herman Melville relates the story of Bartleby, the telling of a tragic story sprinkled with humorous subjectivity, the actual story line, through its progression should determine its categorization. For this reason, Bartl eby the Scrivener, is a tragedy. Throughout the story Melville relates the many troubling incidents experienced with the mysterious copier. Bartleby’s reactions to his superior are so unlike those which most of us have ever experienced, human nature causes the reader to attempt to apply logic to his eccentricities. When asked to proofread a copy, Bartleby’s outrageous answer is, â€Å"I prefer not to†. Having just been introduced to Bartleby and still formulating a first impression, the audience is required to grapple with a logical explanation for his troubling behaviour. At that point, Melville introduces his first bit of comic relief, enlisting the audience’s empathy in stating, â€Å"To befriend Bartleby; to humour him in his strange wilfulness will cost me little or nothing, while I lay up in my soul what will eventually prove a sweet morsel for my conscience†. Since there is no excusing Bartleby’s behaviour, Melville finds solace in rationalizing his reaction and the r eader is quick to empathize, having found no explanation for the behaviour. When his conscience no longer provides for rationalizing the acceptance of Bartleby’s strange behaviour, Melville invites the reader to appreciate the behaviour’s usefulness. To some degree, the â€Å"little guy† in us is somewhat envious of Bartleby’s statement, â€Å"I prefer not to†. How many times would we have used this statement in our lives if we had no fear of the  repercussions? As the story progresses and Bartleby’s behaviour is becoming the norm, the banter between Mr. Nippers, Turkey and the lawyer becomes filled with the word â€Å"prefer†, the expression which has caused everyone such grief up to that point. After suggesting that Bartleby â€Å"would prefer to take a quart of good ale every day†, Turkey states, â€Å"Oh. Prefer? Oh yes – queer word. I never use it myself†. He then replies, â€Å"Oh, certainly, sir, if you prefer that I should†, upon being asked to leave the room. Melville is calling on the reader’s â€Å"little guy† to relate to the subconsciously driven behaviour of the characters. As the employer becomes more agitated, as a result of his circle of friends and acquaintances’ comments, Melville shares his mental gymnastics with the reader. His though process begins with the suggestion that, allowing Bartleby’s occupation of his offices would result in him having to â€Å"mason up his remains in the wall†, when he died. This not being a logical solution, he moves on to the question of whether or not Bartleby could be considered a vagrant. The reader is astonished with his conclusion that, not only will he not force Bartleby to move, he, himself will move without Bartleby. However extreme the employer’s solution has become, the reader can offer no solution and is dragged, empathetically, once again, into the rationalization of the employer, yet still amused by the bizarre situation. Melville lends humour to one conversation between the lawyer and Bartleby, in the form of contradiction. While visiting Bartleby at the office where he had been left, the lawyer again makes suggestions to Bartleby of ways in which he can better his circumstances. Along with the usual â€Å"I prefer not to†, all suggestions were punctuated with, â€Å"I am not particular†. It is at this point in the story, although amusing in its use of contradiction, the reader comes to realize that Bartleby is not making any kind of statement in his refusal to conform. Having become more evident as the story has progressed, is the fact that Bartleby’s amusing, shocking and at times humorous behaviour is not personality driven but driven by his mental instability. As the story winds down, Melville allows no more room for amusement at  Bartleby’s expense. Bartleby has wound up in â€Å"The Tombs, or to speak more properly, the Halls of Justice†. He has rejected the lawyer’s attempts at conversation and although the lawyer is still trying to make Bartleby’s life easier in the few ways he can, Bartleby refuses to acknowledge it. The sad rumour is shared with the reader, about Bartleby’s experience in the Dead Letter Office, which helps to explain Bartleby’s mental state. Once again, the reader is required to examine his own conscience. Bartleby, as it turns out, if not a product of humanity with all its flaws, is at least an example of it. He draws our attention to this in exclaiming, â€Å"Ah Bartleby! Ah humanity!† â€Å"Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall-street†, should be considered a tragedy, if not in the nature of the story-telling, then in the unfolding of the plot. The characters’ eccentricities, when coupled with the narrator’s take on them, have allowed Melville to present the tragedy in an amusing manner but Bartleby has lead such a sad life ending in such a regrettable way, this short story is tragic in theme.

Elie Wiesel’s Changes Essay

In the memoir, Night, we discover how Elie Wiesel, one of the minority of Jews to survive the holocaust during World War II, identity changes in response to his concentration camp experiences. The war had been raging for two years and was about to enter Sighet. The Germans believed in the Aryan race and attempted to commit genocide on the ‘lesser’ races, particularly Jews. The separation from Elie’s loved ones and the horrible conditions of these camps affect Elie immensely. Elie is affected in the following ways: physically, emotionally and spiritually. Through the brutality witnessed, acts of selfishness, the death of his father and the loss of his faith Elie changed. The Holocaust had changed him into a completely different person. The greatest change to Elie Wiesel’s identity was his loss of faith in god. Before he and his family were moved to the camps, Elie was a religious little boy who cried after praying at night. After a few days in Auschwitz, a concentration camp, Elie Wiesel heard about the crematory and the fact that the Nazi’s were killing the sick, weak, and the young. In his first night in the camp, Elie experienced his first crisis of faith. â€Å"Never Shall I forget those flames which consumed my faith forever†¦ Never shall I forget those moments which murdered my god and my soul and turned my dreams to dust.† Later, on the eve of Rosh Hashanah, Elie was not able to celebrate the New Year with the other Jews in the camp. When the Rabbi said â€Å"Blessed be the name of the eternal,† Elie thought â€Å"Why, but why should I bless him?† In these quotes, Elie’s frustration and anger is directed towards god because he has no one else to blame. He is appalled by everything happening around him, and cannot believe the god he spent all his time praying to was letting this happen. Elie’s faith in god waned while he was in the camps. Since Elie used to be a religious Jewish person, losing his faith changes his identity.